![]() ![]() Spontaneous tremor was heterogenous in amplitude across subjects despite similar harmaline doses, action tremors were not consistently observed, and performance on a behavioral task degraded with higher dosages. The harmaline-primate is revisited for its potential as a preclinical model of tremor. Additionally, engagement with the reaching task was dependent on harmaline dose, with performance mostly unaffected at 2 mg/kg and with little task-engagement at 8 mg/kg.ĭiscussion: We provide a detailed assessment of factors that may underlie the heterogeneous responses to harmaline, and lay out important caveats towards the applicability of the behaving harmaline-tremoring non-human primate as a preclinical model for ET. However, large differences in tremor intensity and intermittency were observed across individual subjects under similar dosing levels. Results: Whole-body tremors manifested within 30 minutes of threshold-dose administration, and peak oscillatory frequency ranged between 10–14 Hz. One subject was also trained to perform a self-paced cued reaching task, with task engagement assessed under harmaline doses ranging from 2–8 mg/kg (i.m.). Methods: Three rhesus macaques were administered doses of harmaline ranging from 2–12 mg/kg (i.m.), and tremorous movements were quantified with accelerometers. ![]() In this study, we investigated the time-course, amplitude, frequency, and consistency of harmaline tremor in primates. ![]() ![]() Interestingly no any retouch attempts were found to complete the shape of letters.Background: While harmaline has been used as a pharmacological model of essential tremor (ET) in rodents and pigs, less is known about the effects of this pharmacological treatment in awake-behaving non-human primates. The letters written were varied in size and those were 6% small, 70% medium and 24% large. Tremors were absent mostly in the terminal strokes of letters. Among sixteen major characteristics in the tremulous signatures, study shows that the characteristics like the style of writing in hand printed form, pen pauses, medium pen pressure, poor line quality, pen lifts are most prominently observed. Sixteen major characteristics along with their forty-one sub characteristics of each case were studied. The time interval between questioned and standard signatures was up to ten years. In this study tremulous signatures including questioned and standards related to 50 real cases resolved by National Forensic Science Laboratory of Nepal were collected. Signatures are prone to influences by age, physical and mental conditions. A signature is developed by a person and it can change over time. Signatures, as one of the behavioral human characteristics are generally recognized as legal means for verifying an individual's identity by administrative and financial institutions. Signatures, Tremors, Tremulous signatures, Pen pauses Abstract National Forensic Science Laboratory, Lalitpur, Nepal ![]()
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